An Introduction to Diagnosing Uterine Cancer
If a woman has possible symptoms of
uterine cancer, the doctor will need to perform a physical exam, ask about the patient's personal and family medical history, and recommend additional tests and procedures that examine the cervix and uterus.
Most cases of uterine cancer occur in the lining (endometrium) of the uterus. This article uses the term "uterine cancer" to refer to this type of cancer, also known as endometrial cancer. This article does not discuss a rare type of uterine cancer that can occur in the muscles or other tissues that support the uterus. Click Uterine Sarcoma for more information on this topic.
Physical Exam and History
The physical exam will include a pelvic exam to check the:
- Vagina
- Uterus
- Bladder
- Rectum.
The doctor will feel these organs for any lumps or changes in their shape or size. In order to see the upper part of the vagina and the cervix, the doctor will insert an instrument called a speculum into the vagina. The medical history will include questions about the patient's health habits and a family history of any medical conditions, past illnesses, and treatments.
The exams and tests that are used to diagnose uterine cancer may include:
- Pap test (Pap smear)
- Transvaginal ultrasound
- Biopsy
- Dilatation and curettage.
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