Stages of Childhood Liver Cancer (Cont.)

Presurgical Staging of Childhood Liver Cancer

The following stages are used for childhood hepatoblastoma before surgery:
 
  • PRETEXT Stage 1: The cancer is found in one quadrant of the liver
  • PRETEXT Stage 2: Cancer is found in two quadrants of the liver that are next to each other
  • PRETEXT Stage 3: Cancer is found in three quadrants of the liver that are next to each other or two quadrants that are not next to each other
  • PRETEXT Stage 4: Cancer is found in all four quadrants of the liver.
     

Postsurgical Staging of Childhood Liver Cancer

The following stages are used after surgery (postsurgical staging):
 
  • Stage I: All of the cancer was removed by surgery.
     
  • Stage II: All of the cancer that can be seen without a microscope was removed by surgery. A small amount of cancer remains in the liver, but it can be seen only with a microscope, or the tumor cells may have spilled into the abdomen during surgery.
     
  • Stage III: The tumor cannot be removed by surgery. Cancer that can be seen without a microscope remains after surgery, or the cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes.
     
  • Stage IV: The cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
     

Recurrent Childhood Liver Cancer

Recurrent childhood liver cancer is cancer that has come back after it has been treated. The cancer may come back in the liver or in other parts of the body.
 
Pages:

Previous 1   2

Add this article to your Favorites     Email this article     Print
Written by/reviewed by: Arthur Schoenstadt, MD
Last reviewed by: Arthur Schoenstadt, MD